Herbaceous, succulent, aromatic, generally less than 1 m. Leaves ovate, cuneate or obtuse at the apex, subordinate at the base, crenate margins, pubescent. Flowers in bunches of 10 to
30 cm; calyx tomentose, upper lip oblong; corolla whitish, pink or lilac-coloured.

Herbaceous perennial, with a short and thick rhizome. Leaves in ovate or elliptic basal rosettes, with entire or dentate margins, long pedicels. Inflorescence in scape of up to 50 cm long; dense, linear-cylindrical spikes of 5 to 25 cm; sessile flowers; ovate, green sepals. Ellipsoid capsule of 2 to 4 mm, with 5 or more seeds.

Aromatic, 2 to 3 m shrub with soft wood. Ovate or oblong-ovate leaves up to 60 cm long, acute to short, acuminate at the apex, cordate at the base, basal lobes rounded, markedly uneven.
Pale green spikes, 10 to 20 cm long; bracts rounded and densely ciliate. Small fruits grouped on the spikes.

Small racemose nodose shrub or tree, 4 to 6 m long. Leaves ovate, elliptical-ovate, 4 to 14 cm long and 2 to 8 cm wide, light green on the upper side and pale green on the underside, palmate venation with 5 main veins. Inflorescence in the form of 6 to 12 cm spikes, pale green or yellowish in colour; glabrous or finely puberulent peduncle; flowers loosely grouped in the rachis without forming a band around the spike, sessile. Fruit, ovoid drupe, spiked from 1 to 1.2 mm.

Tree of up to 15 m in height with grey to light brown bark that breaks off into thin sheets. Leaves elliptic, oblong or obovate,
obtuse at the base and emarginate at the apex, glabrous with finely reticulate venation, glandular-punctate. Corymbose, terminal or subterminal panicles; white or pink, glandular flowers with numerous stamens; calyx with 5 lobes, broadly triangular. Ovoid fruit of up to 1 cm, black when ripe.